EPUB Accessibility Report

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Title: Affinity PDF Accessibility Test

(EPUB 3.0)

Violations

Go to: Summary of violations | All violations

Summary of violations

Violation count, by ruleset and severity.
Critical Serious Moderate Minor Total
WCAG 2.0 A 1120013
WCAG 2.0 AA 00000
WCAG 2.0 AAA 00000
WCAG 2.1 A 00000
WCAG 2.1 AA 00000
WCAG 2.1 AAA 00000
WCAG 2.2 A 00000
WCAG 2.2 AA 00000
WCAG 2.2 AAA 00000
EPUB 04206
Best Practice 00303
Other 00000
Total 1165022

All violations

Impact Ruleset Rule File Reset filters
Violations in the EPUB, with references to severity, guidelines and specific location of problem.
Impact Ruleset Rule Location Details
Serious EPUB metadata-accessmode

Ace		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

OEBPS/package.opf
  • Publications must declare the 'schema:accessMode' metadata
  • Ensures a 'schema:accessMode' metadata is present
  • Add a 'schema:accessMode' metadata property to the Package Document

Learn more about: Schema.org Accessibility Metadata

Moderate EPUB metadata-accessmodesufficient

Ace		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

OEBPS/package.opf
  • Publications must declare the 'schema:accessModeSufficient' metadata
  • Ensures a 'schema:accessModeSufficient' metadata is present
  • Add a 'schema:accessModeSufficient' metadata property to the Package Document

Learn more about: Schema.org Accessibility Metadata

Serious EPUB metadata-accessibilityfeature

Ace		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

OEBPS/package.opf
  • Publications must declare the 'schema:accessibilityFeature' metadata
  • Ensures a 'schema:accessibilityFeature' metadata is present
  • Add a 'schema:accessibilityFeature' metadata property to the Package Document

Learn more about: Schema.org Accessibility Metadata

Serious EPUB metadata-accessibilityhazard

Ace		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

OEBPS/package.opf
  • Publications must declare the 'schema:accessibilityHazard' metadata
  • Ensures a 'schema:accessibilityHazard' metadata is present
  • Add a 'schema:accessibilityHazard' metadata property to the Package Document

Learn more about: Schema.org Accessibility Metadata

Moderate EPUB metadata-accessibilitysummary

Ace		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

OEBPS/package.opf
  • Publications must declare the 'schema:accessibilitySummary' metadata
  • Ensures a 'schema:accessibilitySummary' metadata is present
  • Add a 'schema:accessibilitySummary' metadata property to the Package Document

Learn more about: Schema.org Accessibility Metadata

Serious EPUB epub-pagesource

Ace		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

OEBPS/package.opf
  • Publications with page breaks must declare the 'dc:source / pageBreakSource' metadata
  • Ensures the source of page breaks is identified
  • Add a 'dc:source / pageBreakSource' metadata property to the Package Document

Learn more about: Page Navigation

Critical WCAG 2.0 A image-alt

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/64/2[img-2])

Snippet:<img xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="img-2" src="images/img1.jpg" />
  • Element does not have an alt attribute
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Element's default semantics were not overridden with role="none" or role="presentation"
  • Ensure <img> elements have alternative text or a role of none or presentation
  • Images must have alternative text

Learn more about: Images

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/20/6)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef1"></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/22/6)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef1"></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/24/6)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef1"></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/26/6)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef2"></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/28/6)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef2"></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/30/6)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef3"></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/32/6)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef3"></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/34/6)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef3"></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/36/6)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef3"></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/38/6)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef4"></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/40/6)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef4"></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Serious WCAG 2.0 A link-name

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/42/2)

Snippet:<a xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" href="#PageRef4" class="span1"><a id="Anchor1"></a></a>
  • Element is in tab order and does not have accessible text
  • Element does not have text that is visible to screen readers
  • aria-label attribute does not exist or is empty
  • aria-labelledby attribute does not exist, references elements that do not exist or references elements that are empty
  • Element has no title attribute
  • Ensure links have discernible text
  • Links must have discernible text

Learn more about: Links

Moderate Best Practice epub-type-has-matching-role

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

toc.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/2)

Snippet:<nav xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops" epub:type="page-list">
  • Element has no ARIA role matching its epub:type
  • Ensure the element has an ARIA role matching its epub:type
  • ARIA role should be used in addition to epub:type

Learn more about: ARIA role

Moderate Best Practice epub-type-has-matching-role

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

toc.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/4[toc])

Snippet:<nav xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="toc" xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops" epub:type="toc"> <h2>Table of Contents</h2> <ol> <li><a href="Story1.xhtml">Affinity PDF Accessibility Test</a></li> </ol> </nav>
  • Element has no ARIA role matching its epub:type
  • Ensure the element has an ARIA role matching its epub:type
  • ARIA role should be used in addition to epub:type

Learn more about: ARIA role

Moderate Best Practice landmark-unique

aXe		 "Affinity PDF Accessibility Test"

toc.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/2)

Snippet:<nav xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops" epub:type="page-list"> <!--##--> <nav xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="toc" xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops" epub:type="toc"> <h2>Table of Contents</h2> <ol> <li><a href="Story1.xhtml">Affinity PDF Accessibility Test</a></li> </ol> </nav> <!--##--> <nav xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:epub="http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops" epub:type="landmarks"> <h2>Landmarks</h2> <ol> <li><a epub:type="bodymatter" href="Story1.xhtml">Start of Content</a></li> </ol> </nav>
  • The landmark must have a unique aria-label, aria-labelledby, or title to make landmarks distinguishable
  • Ensure landmarks are unique
  • Landmarks should have a unique role or role/label/title (i.e. accessible name) combination

Learn more about: ARIA

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Metadata

Go to: All Metadata | Accessibility Metadata

All Metadata

Publication metadata.
Name Value
dc:identifier urn:uuid:BA0B13A7-2D90-4106-B4C7-07F18EA2A569
dc:title Affinity PDF Accessibility Test
dc:date 2025-11-07T16:34:48Z
dc:creator Hanscom, Michael
dc:language en-US
dcterms:modified 2025-11-07T16:34:48Z
rendition:layout reflowable
rendition:flow paginated
generator Affinity 3.0.1.3808 MacOS (Nov 3 2025)
ibooks:specified-fonts true

Accessibility Metadata

No accessibility metadata was found.

The following accessibility metadata is missing: schema:accessMode schema:accessibilityFeature schema:accessibilityHazard schema:accessibilitySummary schema:accessModeSufficient a11y:certifiedBy a11y:certifierCredential a11y:certifierReport dcterms:conformsTo .

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Outlines

Go to: TOC Outline | Headings Outline

TOC Outline

  1. Affinity PDF Accessibility Test

Headings Outline

  • Affinity by Canva Accessible PDF Output Test
    • A brief disclaimer
    • Distribution rights
    • Table of Contents
    • Test cases
      • Test 1: Paragraphs
      • Test 2: Headings
      • Test 3: Images
      • Test 4: Lists
      • Test 5: Languages
      • Test 6: Tables
      • Test 7: Table of Contents
      • Test 8: Reading order
      • Test 9: Master Pages
      • Test 10: There is no test ten...
    • Page List
    • Table of Contents
    • Landmarks

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Images

Images in the EPUB, with their description
Image alt aria-describedby aria-details figcaption Location Role
Screenshot of Affinity's Text Style Editor panel with the Export Tags pane visible. The Heading 3 style is being edited, and has the PDF and EPUB export tags set to H3. N/A N/A N/A Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/54/2[img-1]) N/A
N/A N/A N/A N/A Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/64/2[img-2]) N/A
The Star Trek model spaceships described above arranged on a corner of a wooden desk. N/A N/A N/A Story1.xhtml#epubcfi(/4/72/2[img-3]) N/A

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